① Iran is facing its most severe water crisis in more than six decades. Major dams supplying drinking water to provinces with millions of residents are nearly empty, and groundwater reserves have been depleted. Many cities have endured an entire autumn without a single drop of rain. In the capital, Tehran, and in Mashhad, the country’s second-largest city, in the north-east, some reservoirs are at less than 5% and 3% capacity, respectively. Authorities have begun cutting off water at night in the capital, according to reports. Iran’s president Masoud Pezeshkian has even warned of possible evacuations if “it doesn’t rain soon”.
② More than 90% of Iran’s water is extracted for farming, with much of it lost to inefficient irrigation practices. Studies show the country’s ambitious dam-building campaign, intended to enhance food and energy self-sufficiency, has disrupted natural ecosystems and contributed to the drying up of major wetlands and lakes. These include Lake Urmia, once the Middle East’s largest salt lake, now reduced to a bed of salt that could fuel dust and salt storms across the region.
③ While climate change has contributed to the worsening drought, Iran’s water crisis has mainly been caused by poor management. Limited regulation of groundwater extraction including widespread drilling of around one million wells, half of which are illegal, has severely depleted aquifers across the country.
④ As lakes and rivers dry up, their exposed beds could turn into vast sources of sand and dust. These particles can travel thousands of kilometres, crossing national borders and degrading soil and air quality across the wider region.
⑤ Can anything be done? The short answer is yes.
⑥ Real-time water accounting – using tools such as space satellites – can identify critical areas and guide emergency action. The government must also inspect areas affected by subsidence or over-extraction. Then it must take immediate action, including temporary closures or relocations where safety is at risk.
⑦ Mid-term priorities should focus on improving monitoring and efficiency. Managed aquifer recharge (a strategy that deliberately directs water into underground reservoirs) using stormwater or treated wastewater, precision irrigation, digital agriculture, and AI-based irrigation scheduling can dramatically reduce losses of water.
⑧ Long-term recovery also depends on governance. Legal caps on groundwater abstraction, and economic diversification away from water-intensive crops are essential. Incentivising efficient irrigation and wastewater reuse plus adjusting water pricing to reflect scarcity would help. The country must diversify its economy so that fewer livelihoods depend on water-intensive industries, such as farming.
⑨ Together, these steps could stabilise Iran’s water systems and prevent further environmental, social, and economic damage.
原创编写 版权所有 侵权必究 每日更新 个性化阅读 英语飙升
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 3:17:56 PM
oarbznd，oarbznd
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 3:18:30 PM
oarbznd，oarbznd
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 3:18:36 PM
oarbznd，oarbznd
！
f Nov 17, 2025 6:50:27 PM
goodgoodgood
！
f Nov 17, 2025 6:50:32 PM
goodgoodgood
！
f Nov 17, 2025 6:50:39 PM
goodgoodgood
！
oUm2H1cjejAgJj-PBOQI76Hb3Vxk Nov 17, 2025 6:57:37 PM
Abandon abandon abandon abandon
！
Happy Nov 17, 2025 7:18:53 PM
u.hh. b g b b b b b
！
Happy Nov 17, 2025 7:19:24 PM
bbbb gv _
！
Happy Nov 17, 2025 7:19:30 PM
yhg gvfvf
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 7:52:40 PM
The oath of love, always between you and me?
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 7:52:52 PM
The moon seems to be at that time, and people have changed.
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 7:53:08 PM
The air in my arms turns into wind and I dare not meet you.
！
多米 Nov 17, 2025 7:55:11 PM
Not so good
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 8:34:30 PM
xugxudjfjvjcjdug
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 8:34:39 PM
cjgckhxfuxbkc
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 8:34:45 PM
xjgxkvcjgxgjxgu
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:03:12 PM
sfsfsfsdfsdfsdf
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:03:14 PM
sdfsadfafasfdsf
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:03:18 PM
fsdfasdfasfdasdf
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:03:20 PM
dfasfasdfasdfsadf
！
13778369527 Nov 17, 2025 9:06:10 PM
I’m I’m I’m going home and
！
13778369527 Nov 17, 2025 9:06:21 PM
I’m The The
！
13778369527 Nov 17, 2025 9:06:24 PM
I’m not a big big guy
！
15啊啦啦啦 Nov 17, 2025 9:09:15 PM
mmmmmmmmmmmmmemmmmmmm
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:57:10 PM
good good good good good
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:57:17 PM
good good good good
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:57:23 PM
good good good good
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:57:30 PM
good good good good
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 9:57:36 PM
good good good good
！
wenwen Nov 17, 2025 10:04:51 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Nov 17, 2025 10:04:56 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Nov 17, 2025 10:05:01 PM
Good morning
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 10:05:45 PM
kkjjnnjbffd
！
oUm2H1RXYhdcq8IZOow8tUsIVexE Nov 17, 2025 10:09:22 PM
Hhhhhhhhhjhh
！
oUm2H1RXYhdcq8IZOow8tUsIVexE Nov 17, 2025 10:09:27 PM
Jjjjjjjjjjjjj
！
oUm2H1RXYhdcq8IZOow8tUsIVexE Nov 17, 2025 10:09:32 PM
Kkkkkkkkkkk
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 10:11:53 PM
Each breath forms a ting clout in the cool air.
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 10:12:07 PM
Each breath forms a ting clout in the cool air.
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 10:12:12 PM
Each breath forms a ting clout in the cool air.
！
dhcuhgbhfuchjdjejjsiiwjwiieoepwpqojwjbdhcuxkksncbhvhyvgfvvtyvy Nov 17, 2025 10:53:16 PM
hhhhhhhhhh
！
dhcuhgbhfuchjdjejjsiiwjwiieoepwpqojwjbdhcuxkksncbhvhyvgfvvtyvy Nov 17, 2025 10:53:45 PM
ggggggggggggg
！
dhcuhgbhfuchjdjejjsiiwjwiieoepwpqojwjbdhcuxkksncbhvhyvgfvvtyvy Nov 17, 2025 10:53:55 PM
gggggggggg
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:04:20 PM
jjjjjjjkkllkiiuytr
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:04:24 PM
jjjjjjjkkllkiiuytr
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:04:27 PM
jjjjjjjkkllkiiuytr
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:24:07 PM
yigeyemeidui
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:33:48 PM
Kdkdlldldld
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:34:02 PM
Msmmdmdmdmsmdm
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:34:09 PM
KSkdkldllldlmdmdmld
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:50:26 PM
not a good thing you know that the information
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:53:07 PM
aaaaaaaaaasa
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:53:17 PM
aaaaaaasssssss
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:53:25 PM
aaasaaaasasss
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:53:32 PM
aaaaaaassssaa
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:54:30 PM
jhgffddddffgghhhhj
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:54:38 PM
hhhggffffgghhhjj
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:54:43 PM
hhhhgffffgghhh
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:58:50 PM
gfujcvkfudhfjgkgkdfh
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:58:54 PM
jffjfjgkcjfjfj
！
微信用户 Nov 17, 2025 11:58:59 PM
jfjffjfjgcflhflood
！
乐乐豆豆 Nov 18, 2025 8:19:37 AM
an extra blanket on the bed feels like a grrat lucury
！
乐乐豆豆 Nov 18, 2025 8:20:06 AM
an extra blanfket on the bed feels like a great luxury
！
乐乐豆豆 Nov 18, 2025 8:20:42 AM
an extra blanket on the bed feels like a great lucury
！
13778369527 Nov 18, 2025 9:54:30 PM
I’m I’m going just just got
！
13778369527 Nov 18, 2025 9:54:34 PM
I’m Uriah I am
！
13778369527 Nov 18, 2025 9:54:37 PM
I don’t have a clue what
！
微信用户 Nov 21, 2025 10:53:48 PM
home and she was
！
wenwen Nov 23, 2025 9:12:59 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Nov 23, 2025 9:13:05 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Nov 23, 2025 9:13:09 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Dec 16, 2025 10:19:32 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Dec 16, 2025 10:19:36 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Dec 16, 2025 10:19:40 PM
Good morning
！
微信用户 Dec 29, 2025 10:02:59 PM
I want to talkkkkk o’
！
wenwen Jan 14, 2026 10:30:59 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 14, 2026 10:31:04 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 14, 2026 10:31:09 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 14, 2026 10:31:14 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 26, 2026 11:09:38 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 26, 2026 11:09:43 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 26, 2026 11:09:49 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 29, 2026 10:35:06 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 29, 2026 10:35:11 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 29, 2026 10:35:15 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 31, 2026 10:08:59 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 31, 2026 10:09:04 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Jan 31, 2026 10:09:09 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 2, 2026 9:33:29 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 2, 2026 9:33:33 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 2, 2026 9:33:38 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 4, 2026 4:08:03 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 4, 2026 4:08:07 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 4, 2026 4:08:11 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 10, 2026 10:43:54 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 10, 2026 10:43:58 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 10, 2026 10:44:02 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 13, 2026 9:15:49 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 13, 2026 9:15:52 PM
Good morning
！
wenwen Feb 13, 2026 9:15:57 PM
Good morning
！
