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18岁高中生“炼”出净水黑科技，微塑料去除率超95%
较难
难度
记叙文
时文类型
科学技术与研究
时文话题
高中三年级
适合年级
奇速优课
A few years ago, teenager Mia Heller came across an article in her local newspaper about water quality issues in her neighborhood in Warrington, Virginia. Tests had shown that the local drinking water was highly contaminated. It contained harmful substances like PFAS and microplastics. The article also reported that government agencies would not provide funds for filtering the water. “It was up to people to provide their own filtration (过滤),” says Heller.
Not long after, Heller’s parents bought an advanced water filtration system for their home. However, the system required constant upkeep. Watching her mother replace the water filter membranes (膜) time and again, Heller set out to find a better solution. “It inspired me to design a filter without the use of membranes, to decrease the costs and maintenance needs associated with water filtration,” says the now 18-year-old student at Kettle Run High School.
In the spring of 2024, Heller had the idea for her filtration system, and she really got working on it in the summer of 2024. By early January of 2025, after experimenting in her garage and kitchen, she had a working prototype. Her current system consists of three modules and uses a reusable magnetic oil called ferrofluid to selectively bind to microplastic particles. A magnetic field pulls the microplastics out of the water, and the ferrofluid is recovered and reused in a closed loop system.
To test the accuracy of her device, Heller developed a turbidity (浊度) sensor to measure the amount of suspended solids. According to her tests, the prototype successfully removed 95.52 percent of microplastics from the water and recycled 87.15 percent of the ferrofluid. By comparison, traditional drinking-water treatment plants remove about 70 to more than 90 percent of microplastic components. “The result is an affordable, low-waste filtration system without the use of a solid membrane,” says Heller.
Her innovation has earned her recognition. She was a finalist in the 2025 Regeneron International Science and Engineering Fair and received a special award for her technology. While she sees the system as suitable for individual home use, she plans to verify her results professionally and eventually bring it to market.
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